Don’t rule out high or hyper inflation in the road ahead

Road Ahead

“Credit is a system whereby a person who can’t pay, gets another person who can’t pay, to guarantee that he can pay.” – Charles Dickens

Government Bond yields are rising along with soaring government debt across the G20. The road ahead could contain hyper-inflation …

Bond yields are rising, and the bond market could suffer carnage last seen in the 1980s. We will write about it in a few days if yields continue to rise.

U.S. yields are rising and short term (under 3-year Treasury) bond yields are the highest in a decade. Rising yields are not unexpected given higher interest rates but the U.S. has a big problem.

US Bond Yields 2008 to 2018 2 and 3 year yield 20181006 US Bond Yields 2008 to 2018 10 year yield 20181006 US Bond Yields 2016 onwards 20181006 US Bond Yields long term 20181006

The big problem the U.S. has is rising fiscal deficit and soaring interest costs. Debt servicing costs are expected to be around $600 billion for the U.S. and the fiscal deficit over a $1 trillion this year.

US Federal government budget surplus or deficit
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

But the U.S. is not alone, across the G20, debt is rising at an unprecedented pace and has more than doubled since the financial crisis of 2008. The Group of Twenty or G20 is an international forum that brings together the world’s 20 leading industrialised and emerging economies. The group accounts for 85% of world GDP and about 60% of world population. The G20 is made up of Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, The United Kingdom and The United States of America.

G20 fiscal indicators G20 yields 20181005 G20 interest rates 20181005

Why high or hyper inflation?

How else do these countries pay back their debt? Some nations (Switzerland, Japan and the Euro Area) have zero or negative interest rates and are barely paying any interest on their debt. This has helped them reduce fiscal deficits (or generate surpluses) and pay back debt. On the other end, you have the U.S. with an increasing fiscal deficit and obviously rising overall debt. One way to reduce the value of debt is to inflate the price of everything and thereby reduce the value of outstanding debt. High or hyper inflation is a real possibility if one expects nations to really pay back their debt. Just see what has happened to Argentina or Turkey …

“People try to live within their income, so they can afford to pay taxes to a government that can’t live within its income.” – Robert Half

Related:

Gross and net debt of every country as percentage of GDP for 2017

Gross debt as percentage (%) of GDP (2017)
Source: International Monetary Fund

 

Borrowing or surplus of every country as % of GDP for 2017

Government budget surplus or borrowing as % of GDP
Source: International Monetary Fund

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